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Report Summary

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    Performance

  • 0

    Accessibility

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    Best Practices

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    SEO

lec.sagepub.com

SAGE Journals: Your gateway to world-class journal research

Page Load Speed

2.1 sec in total

First Response

545 ms

Resources Loaded

1.4 sec

Page Rendered

146 ms

lec.sagepub.com screenshot

About Website

Click here to check amazing Lec SAGE Pub content for United States. Otherwise, check out these important facts you probably never knew about lec.sagepub.com

Subscription and open access journals from SAGE Publishing, the world's leading independent academic publisher.

Visit lec.sagepub.com

Key Findings

We analyzed Lec.sagepub.com page load time and found that the first response time was 545 ms and then it took 1.5 sec to load all DOM resources and completely render a web page. This is quite a good result, as only 30% of websites can load faster.

Performance Metrics

lec.sagepub.com performance score

0

Network Requests Diagram

lec.sagepub.com

545 ms

hw-global.css

134 ms

main.css

140 ms

hw-publisher-global.css

207 ms

hw-local-global.css

142 ms

Our browser made a total of 69 requests to load all elements on the main page. We found that 78% of them (54 requests) were addressed to the original Lec.sagepub.com, 6% (4 requests) were made to Sagedigital.checkm8.com and 6% (4 requests) were made to Google-analytics.com. The less responsive or slowest element that took the longest time to load (545 ms) belongs to the original domain Lec.sagepub.com.

Page Optimization Overview & Recommendations

Page size can be reduced by 276.9 kB (70%)

Content Size

397.7 kB

After Optimization

120.9 kB

  • HTML
  • Images
  • JavaScript
  • CSS

In fact, the total size of Lec.sagepub.com main page is 397.7 kB. This result falls beyond the top 1M of websites and identifies a large and not optimized web page that may take ages to load. 35% of websites need less resources to load. Javascripts take 228.3 kB which makes up the majority of the site volume.

HTML Optimization

-83%

Potential reduce by 37.0 kB

  • Original 44.8 kB
  • After minification 29.8 kB
  • After compression 7.8 kB

HTML content can be minified and compressed by a website’s server. The most efficient way is to compress content using GZIP which reduces data amount travelling through the network between server and browser. This page needs HTML code to be minified as it can gain 15.1 kB, which is 34% of the original size. It is highly recommended that content of this web page should be compressed using GZIP, as it can save up to 37.0 kB or 83% of the original size.

Image Optimization

-13%

Potential reduce by 2.1 kB

  • Original 16.2 kB
  • After minification 14.1 kB

Image size optimization can help to speed up a website loading time. The chart above shows the difference between the size before and after optimization. Obviously, Lec SAGE Pub needs image optimization as it can save up to 2.1 kB or 13% of the original volume. The most popular and efficient tools for JPEG and PNG image optimization are Jpegoptim and PNG Crush.

JavaScript Optimization

-66%

Potential reduce by 149.7 kB

  • Original 228.3 kB
  • After minification 209.7 kB
  • After compression 78.6 kB

It’s better to minify JavaScript in order to improve website performance. The diagram shows the current total size of all JavaScript files against the prospective JavaScript size after its minification and compression. It is highly recommended that all JavaScript files should be compressed and minified as it can save up to 149.7 kB or 66% of the original size.

CSS Optimization

-81%

Potential reduce by 88.1 kB

  • Original 108.4 kB
  • After minification 82.1 kB
  • After compression 20.3 kB

CSS files minification is very important to reduce a web page rendering time. The faster CSS files can load, the earlier a page can be rendered. Lec.sagepub.com needs all CSS files to be minified and compressed as it can save up to 88.1 kB or 81% of the original size.

Requests Breakdown

Number of requests can be reduced by 41 (61%)

Requests Now

67

After Optimization

26

  • AJAX
  • Images
  • JavaScript
  • CSS

The browser has sent 67 CSS, Javascripts, AJAX and image requests in order to completely render the main page of Lec SAGE Pub. We recommend that multiple CSS and JavaScript files should be merged into one by each type, as it can help reduce assets requests from 11 to 1 for JavaScripts and from 17 to 1 for CSS and as a result speed up the page load time.

Network Requests Diagram

lec.sagepub.com

lec.sagepub.com

545 ms

hw-global.css

hw-global.css

134 ms

main.css

main.css

140 ms

hw-publisher-global.css

hw-publisher-global.css

207 ms

hw-local-global.css

hw-local-global.css

142 ms

hw-local-sidebars.css

hw-local-sidebars.css

142 ms

hw-publisher-page-home.css

hw-publisher-page-home.css

201 ms

hw-publisher-page-content.css

hw-publisher-page-content.css

210 ms

hw-local-page-home.css

hw-local-page-home.css

210 ms

hw-publisher-leaderboard.css

hw-publisher-leaderboard.css

210 ms

jquery-min.js

jquery-min.js

354 ms

fingerprint.js

fingerprint.js

268 ms

hw-shared.js

hw-shared.js

274 ms

hw-sagepub-shared.js

hw-sagepub-shared.js

277 ms

local-js-settings.js

local-js-settings.js

277 ms

cm8adam_1_call.js

cm8adam_1_call.js

20 ms

hw-global-sidebars.css

hw-global-sidebars.css

210 ms

hw-global-elements.css

hw-global-elements.css

213 ms

hw-global-citation.css

hw-global-citation.css

215 ms

hw-global-classes.css

hw-global-classes.css

215 ms

hw-global-dynamic-elements.css

hw-global-dynamic-elements.css

217 ms

ui.css

ui.css

274 ms

home-page.css

home-page.css

278 ms

hw-publisher-sidebars.css

hw-publisher-sidebars.css

211 ms

gtm.js

gtm.js

23 ms

detect

detect

38 ms

Signin_img.gif

Signin_img.gif

71 ms

SJO_banner.gif

SJO_banner.gif

75 ms

srch_r.gif

srch_r.gif

73 ms

header-browseGo.gif

header-browseGo.gif

151 ms

rss.gif

rss.gif

73 ms

home_cover.gif

home_cover.gif

167 ms

sub-man.gif

sub-man.gif

149 ms

pdf.png

pdf.png

150 ms

eml-alt.gif

eml-alt.gif

151 ms

RSS-Fee.gif

RSS-Fee.gif

150 ms

LSBU.gif

LSBU.gif

260 ms

LEPU.gif

LEPU.gif

261 ms

CLES.gif

CLES.gif

259 ms

OECD.gif

OECD.gif

261 ms

IEB.gif

IEB.gif

262 ms

browserDataDetect.js

browserDataDetect.js

18 ms

detected

detected

51 ms

SV_728x90_leaderboard.gif

SV_728x90_leaderboard.gif

36 ms

header-authstringBG.gif

header-authstringBG.gif

153 ms

header-authstringLeft.gif

header-authstringLeft.gif

164 ms

header-authstringRight.gif

header-authstringRight.gif

169 ms

srch_l.gif

srch_l.gif

171 ms

srch_bg.gif

srch_bg.gif

199 ms

header-browseFirst.gif

header-browseFirst.gif

171 ms

header-browseMiddle.gif

header-browseMiddle.gif

197 ms

header-browseLast.gif

header-browseLast.gif

233 ms

pub-logo.gif

pub-logo.gif

236 ms

left.gif

left.gif

238 ms

right.gif

right.gif

239 ms

logo-bg.gif

logo-bg.gif

249 ms

li-blue-arrow.gif

li-blue-arrow.gif

247 ms

PSA-300x100-generic.jpg

PSA-300x100-generic.jpg

19 ms

col2-shade.gif

col2-shade.gif

258 ms

li-arrow-2.gif

li-arrow-2.gif

263 ms

dash.gif

dash.gif

257 ms

EAU_160x140.png

EAU_160x140.png

92 ms

ga.js

ga.js

8 ms

__utm.gif

__utm.gif

18 ms

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18 ms

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__utm.gif

18 ms

a9976df1ae7c.js

a9976df1ae7c.js

8 ms

collect

collect

69 ms

feedback_button_sagepub_desktop_default_right.png

feedback_button_sagepub_desktop_default_right.png

7 ms

SEO Factors

lec.sagepub.com SEO score

0

Language and Encoding

  • Language Detected

    EN

  • Language Claimed

    EN

  • Encoding

    UTF-8

Language claimed in HTML meta tag should match the language actually used on the web page. Otherwise Lec.sagepub.com can be misinterpreted by Google and other search engines. Our service has detected that English is used on the page, and it matches the claimed language. Our system also found out that Lec.sagepub.com main page’s claimed encoding is utf-8. Use of this encoding format is the best practice as the main page visitors from all over the world won’t have any issues with symbol transcription.

Social Sharing Optimization

lec.sagepub.com

Open Graph description is not detected on the main page of Lec SAGE Pub. Lack of Open Graph description can be counter-productive for their social media presence, as such a description allows converting a website homepage (or other pages) into good-looking, rich and well-structured posts, when it is being shared on Facebook and other social media. For example, adding the following code snippet into HTML <head> tag will help to represent this web page correctly in social networks: