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49 ms

66 ms

v1

56 ms

vcd15cbe7772f49c399c6a5babf22c1241717689176015

48 ms

Our browser made a total of 4 requests to load all elements on the main page. We found that 25% of them (1 request) were addressed to the original Africa-spectrum.org, 50% (2 requests) were made to Journals.sagepub.com and 25% (1 request) were made to Static.cloudflareinsights.com. The less responsive or slowest element that took the longest time to load (66 ms) relates to the external source Journals.sagepub.com.

Content Size

11.6 kB

After Optimization

8.5 kB

In fact, the total size of Africa-spectrum.org main page is 11.6 kB. This result falls within a big category (top 100 000) of medium weight web pages. Only a small number of websites need less resources to load. HTML takes 9.0 kB which makes up the majority of the site volume.

HTML Optimization

-34%

Potential reduce by 3.1 kB

Original 9.0 kB
After minification 9.0 kB
After compression 5.9 kB

HTML content can be minified and compressed by a website’s server. The most efficient way is to compress content using GZIP which reduces data amount travelling through the network between server and browser. HTML code on this page is well minified. It is highly recommended that content of this web page should be compressed using GZIP, as it can save up to 3.1 kB or 34% of the original size.

CSS Optimization

-1%

Potential reduce by 23 B

Original 2.6 kB
After minification 2.6 kB
After compression 2.6 kB

CSS files minification is very important to reduce a web page rendering time. The faster CSS files can load, the earlier a page can be rendered. Africa-spectrum.org has all CSS files already compressed.

Requests Now

After Optimization

The browser has sent 2 CSS, Javascripts, AJAX and image requests in order to completely render the main page of Africa Spectrum. According to our analytics all requests are already optimized.

Language and Encoding

Language Detected

Language Claimed

Encoding

UTF-8

Language claimed in HTML meta tag should match the language actually used on the web page. Otherwise Africa-spectrum.org can be misinterpreted by Google and other search engines. Our service has detected that English is used on the page, and it matches the claimed language. Our system also found out that Africa-spectrum.org main page’s claimed encoding is utf-8. Use of this encoding format is the best practice as the main page visitors from all over the world won’t have any issues with symbol transcription.

Social Sharing Optimization

africa-spectrum.org

Open Graph description is not detected on the main page of Africa Spectrum. Lack of Open Graph description can be counter-productive for their social media presence, as such a description allows converting a website homepage (or other pages) into good-looking, rich and well-structured posts, when it is being shared on Facebook and other social media. For example, adding the following code snippet into HTML <head> tag will help to represent this web page correctly in social networks: