Tools & Wizards About Us

Report Summary

  • 27

    Performance

    Renders faster than
    46% of other websites

  • 94

    Accessibility

    Visual factors better than
    that of 83% of websites

  • 75

    Best Practices

    More advanced features
    available than in
    35% of websites

  • 76

    SEO

    Google-friendlier than
    35% of websites

dukeupress.edu

Duke University Press

Page Load Speed

5.8 sec in total

First Response

28 ms

Resources Loaded

5.4 sec

Page Rendered

340 ms

About Website

Click here to check amazing Duke U Press content for United States. Otherwise, check out these important facts you probably never knew about dukeupress.edu

Duke University Press is a not-for-profit scholarly publisher specializing in books, journals, open access, and other digital publishing initiatives in the humanities, social sciences, and mathematics...

Visit dukeupress.edu

Key Findings

We analyzed Dukeupress.edu page load time and found that the first response time was 28 ms and then it took 5.8 sec to load all DOM resources and completely render a web page. This is a poor result, as 75% of websites can load faster.

Performance Metrics

dukeupress.edu performance score

27

Measured Metrics

name

value

score

weighting

FCP (First Contentful Paint)

Value3.5 s

33/100

10%

LCP (Largest Contentful Paint)

Value32.2 s

0/100

25%

SI (Speed Index)

Value5.1 s

61/100

10%

TBT (Total Blocking Time)

Value690 ms

43/100

30%

CLS (Cumulative Layout Shift)

Value1.604

0/100

15%

TTI (Time to Interactive)

Value7.5 s

47/100

10%

Network Requests Diagram

dukeupress.edu

28 ms

www.dukeupress.edu

4644 ms

hotjar-100479.js

140 ms

base.css

39 ms

info.css

59 ms

Our browser made a total of 46 requests to load all elements on the main page. We found that 65% of them (30 requests) were addressed to the original Dukeupress.edu, 11% (5 requests) were made to Dukeupress.files.wordpress.com and 4% (2 requests) were made to Dms.beacontec.com. The less responsive or slowest element that took the longest time to load (4.6 sec) belongs to the original domain Dukeupress.edu.

Page Optimization Overview & Recommendations

Page size can be reduced by 569.4 kB (40%)

Content Size

1.4 MB

After Optimization

853.5 kB

  • HTML
  • Images
  • JavaScript
  • CSS

In fact, the total size of Dukeupress.edu main page is 1.4 MB. This result falls beyond the top 1M of websites and identifies a large and not optimized web page that may take ages to load. 40% of websites need less resources to load. Images take 948.9 kB which makes up the majority of the site volume.

HTML Optimization

-74%

Potential reduce by 20.9 kB

  • Original 28.1 kB
  • After minification 25.6 kB
  • After compression 7.2 kB

HTML content can be minified and compressed by a website’s server. The most efficient way is to compress content using GZIP which reduces data amount travelling through the network between server and browser. HTML code on this page is well minified. It is highly recommended that content of this web page should be compressed using GZIP, as it can save up to 20.9 kB or 74% of the original size.

Image Optimization

-24%

Potential reduce by 224.0 kB

  • Original 948.9 kB
  • After minification 724.9 kB

Image size optimization can help to speed up a website loading time. The chart above shows the difference between the size before and after optimization. Obviously, Duke U Press needs image optimization as it can save up to 224.0 kB or 24% of the original volume. The most popular and efficient tools for JPEG and PNG image optimization are Jpegoptim and PNG Crush.

JavaScript Optimization

-71%

Potential reduce by 264.6 kB

  • Original 372.9 kB
  • After minification 357.0 kB
  • After compression 108.3 kB

It’s better to minify JavaScript in order to improve website performance. The diagram shows the current total size of all JavaScript files against the prospective JavaScript size after its minification and compression. It is highly recommended that all JavaScript files should be compressed and minified as it can save up to 264.6 kB or 71% of the original size.

CSS Optimization

-82%

Potential reduce by 59.8 kB

  • Original 73.0 kB
  • After minification 60.2 kB
  • After compression 13.1 kB

CSS files minification is very important to reduce a web page rendering time. The faster CSS files can load, the earlier a page can be rendered. Dukeupress.edu needs all CSS files to be minified and compressed as it can save up to 59.8 kB or 82% of the original size.

Requests Breakdown

Number of requests can be reduced by 16 (36%)

Requests Now

44

After Optimization

28

  • AJAX
  • Images
  • JavaScript
  • CSS

The browser has sent 44 CSS, Javascripts, AJAX and image requests in order to completely render the main page of Duke U Press. We recommend that multiple CSS and JavaScript files should be merged into one by each type, as it can help reduce assets requests from 13 to 1 for JavaScripts and from 5 to 1 for CSS and as a result speed up the page load time.

Network Requests Diagram

Accessibility Review

dukeupress.edu accessibility score

94

Accessibility Issues

ARIA

These are opportunities to improve the usage of ARIA in your application which may enhance the experience for users of assistive technology, like a screen reader.

Impact

Issue

High

[aria-hidden="true"] elements contain focusable descendents

High

ARIA input fields do not have accessible names

Internationalization and localization

These are opportunities to improve the interpretation of your content by users in different locales.

Impact

Issue

High

<html> element does not have a [lang] attribute

Best Practices

dukeupress.edu best practices score

75

Areas of Improvement

Trust and Safety

Impact

Issue

High

Does not use HTTPS

High

Includes front-end JavaScript libraries with known security vulnerabilities

Low

Ensure CSP is effective against XSS attacks

User Experience

Impact

Issue

High

Serves images with low resolution

General

Impact

Issue

Low

Detected JavaScript libraries

SEO Factors

dukeupress.edu SEO score

76

Search Engine Optimization Advices

Content Best Practices

Format your HTML in a way that enables crawlers to better understand your app’s content.

Impact

Issue

High

Links do not have descriptive text

Crawling and Indexing

To appear in search results, crawlers need access to your app.

Impact

Issue

High

Links are not crawlable

Mobile Friendly

Make sure your pages are mobile friendly so users don’t have to pinch or zoom in order to read the content pages. [Learn more](https://developers.google.com/search/mobile-sites/).

Impact

Issue

High

Document uses legible font sizes

High

Tap targets are not sized appropriately

Language and Encoding

  • Language Detected

    EN

  • Language Claimed

    EN

  • Encoding

    ISO-8859-1

Language claimed in HTML meta tag should match the language actually used on the web page. Otherwise Dukeupress.edu can be misinterpreted by Google and other search engines. Our service has detected that English is used on the page, and it matches the claimed language. Our system also found out that Dukeupress.edu main page’s claimed encoding is iso-8859-1. Changing it to UTF-8 can be a good choice, as this format is commonly used for encoding all over the web and thus their visitors won’t have any troubles with symbol transcription or reading.

Social Sharing Optimization

Open Graph description is not detected on the main page of Duke U Press. Lack of Open Graph description can be counter-productive for their social media presence, as such a description allows converting a website homepage (or other pages) into good-looking, rich and well-structured posts, when it is being shared on Facebook and other social media. For example, adding the following code snippet into HTML <head> tag will help to represent this web page correctly in social networks: