Tools & Wizards About Us
bike-mv.de screenshot

Report Summary

  • 15

    Performance

    Renders faster than
    27% of other websites

  • 75

    Accessibility

    Visual factors better than
    that of 41% of websites

  • 75

    Best Practices

    More advanced features
    available than in
    35% of websites

  • 91

    SEO

    Google-friendlier than
    70% of websites

bike-mv.de

Fahrrad Online Shop BIKE Market » Alles fürs Rad kaufen

Page Load Speed

9.3 sec in total

First Response

320 ms

Resources Loaded

6.7 sec

Page Rendered

2.3 sec

bike-mv.de screenshot

About Website

Click here to check amazing BIKE Mv content. Otherwise, check out these important facts you probably never knew about bike-mv.de

Fahrrad Online Shop BIKE Market ➤ Dein Bike Shop mit großer Auswahl ➤ Fahrräder ✔ E-Bikes ✔ Zubehör ✔ Teile ✔ Bekleidung ✔ Alles rund ums Rad im Shop kaufen.

Visit bike-mv.de

Key Findings

We analyzed Bike-mv.de page load time and found that the first response time was 320 ms and then it took 9 sec to load all DOM resources and completely render a web page. This is a poor result, as 85% of websites can load faster.

Performance Metrics

bike-mv.de performance score

15

Measured Metrics

name

value

score

weighting

FCP (First Contentful Paint)

Value6.0 s

3/100

10%

LCP (Largest Contentful Paint)

Value66.7 s

0/100

25%

SI (Speed Index)

Value27.6 s

0/100

10%

TBT (Total Blocking Time)

Value7,730 ms

0/100

30%

CLS (Cumulative Layout Shift)

Value0.061

98/100

15%

TTI (Time to Interactive)

Value65.4 s

0/100

10%

Network Requests Diagram

bike-mv.de

320 ms

www.bikemarket24.de

124 ms

bikemarket24.de

1176 ms

c313749ae4dfa7158a6579c965304039.min.css

678 ms

styles-m.min.css

697 ms

Our browser made a total of 174 requests to load all elements on the main page. We found that 1% of them (1 request) were addressed to the original Bike-mv.de, 68% (119 requests) were made to Cdn.bikemarket24.de and 19% (33 requests) were made to Bikemarket24.de. The less responsive or slowest element that took the longest time to load (3.1 sec) relates to the external source Bikemarket24.de.

Page Optimization Overview & Recommendations

Page size can be reduced by 885.8 kB (7%)

Content Size

11.9 MB

After Optimization

11.0 MB

  • HTML
  • Images
  • JavaScript
  • CSS

In fact, the total size of Bike-mv.de main page is 11.9 MB. This result falls beyond the top 1M of websites and identifies a large and not optimized web page that may take ages to load. Only a small number of websites need less resources to load. Images take 10.8 MB which makes up the majority of the site volume.

HTML Optimization

-90%

Potential reduce by 640.8 kB

  • Original 713.4 kB
  • After minification 605.8 kB
  • After compression 72.6 kB

HTML content can be minified and compressed by a website’s server. The most efficient way is to compress content using GZIP which reduces data amount travelling through the network between server and browser. This page needs HTML code to be minified as it can gain 107.7 kB, which is 15% of the original size. It is highly recommended that content of this web page should be compressed using GZIP, as it can save up to 640.8 kB or 90% of the original size.

Image Optimization

-2%

Potential reduce by 242.2 kB

  • Original 10.8 MB
  • After minification 10.5 MB

Image size optimization can help to speed up a website loading time. The chart above shows the difference between the size before and after optimization. BIKE Mv images are well optimized though.

JavaScript Optimization

-1%

Potential reduce by 2.7 kB

  • Original 220.6 kB
  • After minification 220.6 kB
  • After compression 217.9 kB

It’s better to minify JavaScript in order to improve website performance. The diagram shows the current total size of all JavaScript files against the prospective JavaScript size after its minification and compression. This website has mostly compressed JavaScripts.

CSS Optimization

-0%

Potential reduce by 114 B

  • Original 218.5 kB
  • After minification 218.5 kB
  • After compression 218.3 kB

CSS files minification is very important to reduce a web page rendering time. The faster CSS files can load, the earlier a page can be rendered. Bike-mv.de has all CSS files already compressed.

Requests Breakdown

Number of requests can be reduced by 30 (19%)

Requests Now

162

After Optimization

132

  • AJAX
  • Images
  • JavaScript
  • CSS

The browser has sent 162 CSS, Javascripts, AJAX and image requests in order to completely render the main page of BIKE Mv. We recommend that multiple CSS and JavaScript files should be merged into one by each type, as it can help reduce assets requests from 15 to 1 for JavaScripts and from 6 to 1 for CSS and as a result speed up the page load time.

Network Requests Diagram

bike-mv.de

bike-mv.de

320 ms

www.bikemarket24.de

www.bikemarket24.de

124 ms

bikemarket24.de

bikemarket24.de

1176 ms

c313749ae4dfa7158a6579c965304039.min.css

c313749ae4dfa7158a6579c965304039.min.css

678 ms

styles-m.min.css

styles-m.min.css

697 ms

styles-l.min.css

styles-l.min.css

581 ms

custom.min.css

custom.min.css

589 ms

b62bb3b428d1eaf872a37db75fd23939.min.js

b62bb3b428d1eaf872a37db75fd23939.min.js

597 ms

snippet.js

snippet.js

479 ms

email-decode.min.js

email-decode.min.js

5 ms

gtm.js

gtm.js

178 ms

icon_bewertungen_google_kreis_48x48.png

icon_bewertungen_google_kreis_48x48.png

512 ms

32x32_BM_Telefon.png

32x32_BM_Telefon.png

514 ms

32x32_BM_Kontakt-2.png

32x32_BM_Kontakt-2.png

551 ms

32x32_BM_Standort.png

32x32_BM_Standort.png

557 ms

200x100_Logo_Bergamont.jpg

200x100_Logo_Bergamont.jpg

513 ms

200x100_Logo_cannondale.jpg

200x100_Logo_cannondale.jpg

562 ms

200x100_Logo_Cone.jpg

200x100_Logo_Cone.jpg

899 ms

200x100_Logo_Cube.jpg

200x100_Logo_Cube.jpg

936 ms

200x100_Logo_Orbea.jpg

200x100_Logo_Orbea.jpg

952 ms

200x100_Logo_RieseM_ller.jpg

200x100_Logo_RieseM_ller.jpg

1468 ms

200x100_Logo_Stevens.jpg

200x100_Logo_Stevens.jpg

1469 ms

200x100_Logo_Woom.jpg

200x100_Logo_Woom.jpg

1468 ms

200x100_Logo_Atlanta.jpg

200x100_Logo_Atlanta.jpg

1467 ms

Fahrrad_ganz.png

Fahrrad_ganz.png

1615 ms

icon_abholung_zahlung_1.png

icon_abholung_zahlung_1.png

1468 ms

leasing.png

leasing.png

2021 ms

icon_bewertungen_daumen_white_hand_bike_market.png

icon_bewertungen_daumen_white_hand_bike_market.png

2060 ms

100x100_BM_Vorteile-Leasing.png

100x100_BM_Vorteile-Leasing.png

2021 ms

100x100_BM_Vorteile-Beratung.png

100x100_BM_Vorteile-Beratung.png

2020 ms

100x100_BM_Vorteile-Finanzierung.png

100x100_BM_Vorteile-Finanzierung.png

2021 ms

100x100_BM_Vorteile-Rechnung.png

100x100_BM_Vorteile-Rechnung.png

2080 ms

100x100_BM_Vorteile-Onlinekauf-abholen.png

100x100_BM_Vorteile-Onlinekauf-abholen.png

2558 ms

mc_symbol_opt_73_2x.png

mc_symbol_opt_73_2x.png

2558 ms

Visa_Brandmark_Blue_RGB_2021.png

Visa_Brandmark_Blue_RGB_2021.png

2565 ms

de-pp-logo-150px.png

de-pp-logo-150px.png

2558 ms

logo_targobank_720x175_multi_store.png

logo_targobank_720x175_multi_store.png

2563 ms

klarna_wortmarke.png

klarna_wortmarke.png

2759 ms

giropay_miniPad_quer_transparent_RGB_60px.png

giropay_miniPad_quer_transparent_RGB_60px.png

2832 ms

SEHRGUT-K1.png

SEHRGUT-K1.png

3055 ms

32x32_BM_Ampel.png

32x32_BM_Ampel.png

172 ms

bm_bike_market.png

bm_bike_market.png

171 ms

CUBE_Logo_3-Stores_2_.png

CUBE_Logo_3-Stores_2_.png

173 ms

header_versandkostenfrei_fahrrad_bike_market.jpg

header_versandkostenfrei_fahrrad_bike_market.jpg

551 ms

200x100_Logo_Bergamont.jpg

200x100_Logo_Bergamont.jpg

172 ms

200x100_Logo_cannondale.jpg

200x100_Logo_cannondale.jpg

225 ms

200x100_Logo_Cube.jpg

200x100_Logo_Cube.jpg

227 ms

200x100_Logo_Orbea.jpg

200x100_Logo_Orbea.jpg

225 ms

200x100_Logo_RieseM_ller.jpg

200x100_Logo_RieseM_ller.jpg

226 ms

200x100_Logo_Stevens.jpg

200x100_Logo_Stevens.jpg

434 ms

200x100_Logo_Woom.jpg

200x100_Logo_Woom.jpg

434 ms

content_teaser_startseite_filiale_oben_gelb_bike_market.jpg

content_teaser_startseite_filiale_oben_gelb_bike_market.jpg

1462 ms

content_teaser_startseite_filiale_cube_store_rostock_komprimiert_bike_market.jpg

content_teaser_startseite_filiale_cube_store_rostock_komprimiert_bike_market.jpg

1955 ms

content_teaser_startseite_filiale_cube_store_schwerin_komprimiert_bike_market.jpg

content_teaser_startseite_filiale_cube_store_schwerin_komprimiert_bike_market.jpg

881 ms

content_teaser_startseite_filiale_cube_store_lueneburg_komprimiert_bike_market.jpg

content_teaser_startseite_filiale_cube_store_lueneburg_komprimiert_bike_market.jpg

1953 ms

content_teaser_startseite_cube_store_hamburg_altona_design_1080x1080_komprimiert_bike_market.jpg

content_teaser_startseite_cube_store_hamburg_altona_design_1080x1080_komprimiert_bike_market.jpg

879 ms

content_teaser_startseite_cube_store_bremen_design_1080x1080_komprimiert_bike_market.jpg

content_teaser_startseite_cube_store_bremen_design_1080x1080_komprimiert_bike_market.jpg

855 ms

32x32_BM_Standort.png

32x32_BM_Standort.png

880 ms

icon_abholung_store_3.png

icon_abholung_store_3.png

1462 ms

content_teaser_sunday_deal_kreidler_kw43_preview_1080x1080_bike_market.jpg

content_teaser_sunday_deal_kreidler_kw43_preview_1080x1080_bike_market.jpg

2553 ms

content_teaser_sunday_deal_kreidler_kw43_1080x1080_bike_market.jpg

content_teaser_sunday_deal_kreidler_kw43_1080x1080_bike_market.jpg

1463 ms

IMG219714_72019_1.jpg

IMG219714_72019_1.jpg

1633 ms

IMG233139_80605_1_2.jpg

IMG233139_80605_1_2.jpg

1630 ms

IMG212020_75816_1.jpg

IMG212020_75816_1.jpg

1633 ms

IMG226220_74955_1_3.jpg

IMG226220_74955_1_3.jpg

1951 ms

IMG252725_93005_1.jpg

IMG252725_93005_1.jpg

1951 ms

content_teaser_comp_targobank_30m_1080x1080_bike_market.jpg

content_teaser_comp_targobank_30m_1080x1080_bike_market.jpg

2015 ms

content_teaser_finanzierung_kreidler_vitality_eco2_komprimiert_1080x1080__bike_market.jpg

content_teaser_finanzierung_kreidler_vitality_eco2_komprimiert_1080x1080__bike_market.jpg

2016 ms

content_teaser_comp_startseite_finanzierung_editor_hybrid_1080x1080_cube_store.jpg

content_teaser_comp_startseite_finanzierung_editor_hybrid_1080x1080_cube_store.jpg

2017 ms

content_teaser_targobank_ab30m_cone_1080x1080_bike_market.jpg

content_teaser_targobank_ab30m_cone_1080x1080_bike_market.jpg

2073 ms

IMG259759_100795_1_2.jpg

IMG259759_100795_1_2.jpg

2014 ms

IMG259745_100677_1_4.jpg

IMG259745_100677_1_4.jpg

2077 ms

IMG259748_100694_1_4.jpg

IMG259748_100694_1_4.jpg

2077 ms

IMG259124_100596_1_1.jpg

IMG259124_100596_1_1.jpg

2078 ms

IMG259129_100590_1_1.jpg

IMG259129_100590_1_1.jpg

2079 ms

content_teaser_startseite_cube_marke_oB_komprimiert_1080x1080_bike_market_1_.jpg

content_teaser_startseite_cube_marke_oB_komprimiert_1080x1080_bike_market_1_.jpg

2297 ms

Roboto-Regular.woff

Roboto-Regular.woff

2140 ms

Roboto-Medium.woff

Roboto-Medium.woff

2140 ms

Roboto-Light.woff

Roboto-Light.woff

2139 ms

Roboto-Bold.woff

Roboto-Bold.woff

2093 ms

Luma-Icons.woff

Luma-Icons.woff

2089 ms

content_teaser_startseite_cube_fully_angebot_1080x1080_komprimiert_bike_market.jpg

content_teaser_startseite_cube_fully_angebot_1080x1080_komprimiert_bike_market.jpg

2326 ms

IMG262855_104615_2.jpg

IMG262855_104615_2.jpg

2087 ms

js

js

100 ms

analytics.js

analytics.js

64 ms

destination

destination

176 ms

bat.js

bat.js

176 ms

fbevents.js

fbevents.js

171 ms

IMG259927_104427_1.jpg

IMG259927_104427_1.jpg

2042 ms

collect

collect

89 ms

collect

collect

157 ms

opensans-600.woff

opensans-600.woff

1880 ms

opensans-700.woff

opensans-700.woff

2123 ms

opensans-400.woff

opensans-400.woff

2005 ms

2LiXYw3zmh4

2LiXYw3zmh4

584 ms

opensans-300.woff

opensans-300.woff

1686 ms

IMG259890_104505_1.jpg

IMG259890_104505_1.jpg

1677 ms

IMG235432_85478_1.jpg

IMG235432_85478_1.jpg

1678 ms

IMG235431_85477_1.jpg

IMG235431_85477_1.jpg

1672 ms

www-player.css

www-player.css

264 ms

www-embed-player.js

www-embed-player.js

287 ms

base.js

base.js

320 ms

content_teaser_startseite_fruehjahrsknaller_marke_1080x1080_komprimiert_bike_market.jpg

content_teaser_startseite_fruehjahrsknaller_marke_1080x1080_komprimiert_bike_market.jpg

1100 ms

content_teaser_startseite_angebote_woom_komprimiert_1080x1080_bike_market.jpg

content_teaser_startseite_angebote_woom_komprimiert_1080x1080_bike_market.jpg

1101 ms

content_teaser_startseite_coboc_aktion_komprimiert_1080x1080_BM_bike_market.jpg

content_teaser_startseite_coboc_aktion_komprimiert_1080x1080_BM_bike_market.jpg

984 ms

content_teaser_startseite_cube_nuroad_hybrid_1080x1080_komprimiert_bike_market.jpg

content_teaser_startseite_cube_nuroad_hybrid_1080x1080_komprimiert_bike_market.jpg

928 ms

content_teaser_startseite_kontakt_kachel_gelb_komprimiert_bike_market.jpg

content_teaser_startseite_kontakt_kachel_gelb_komprimiert_bike_market.jpg

930 ms

content_teaser_startseite_leasing_kachel_gelb_komprimiert_bike_market.jpg

content_teaser_startseite_leasing_kachel_gelb_komprimiert_bike_market.jpg

1100 ms

ad_status.js

ad_status.js

265 ms

--9dH29IQ9CksBulhkJupx8P-yH9Jquge0_97VfE0Pw.js

--9dH29IQ9CksBulhkJupx8P-yH9Jquge0_97VfE0Pw.js

172 ms

embed.js

embed.js

105 ms

content_teaser_startseite_werkstatt_kachel_gelb_komprimiert_bike_market.jpg

content_teaser_startseite_werkstatt_kachel_gelb_komprimiert_bike_market.jpg

803 ms

content_teaser_startseite_jobs_kachel_gelb_komprimiert_bike_market.jpg

content_teaser_startseite_jobs_kachel_gelb_komprimiert_bike_market.jpg

804 ms

icon_bewertungen_daumen_white_hand_bike_market.png

icon_bewertungen_daumen_white_hand_bike_market.png

800 ms

content_teaser_neueroeffnung_helme_startseite_bike_market.JPG

content_teaser_neueroeffnung_helme_startseite_bike_market.JPG

744 ms

content_teaser_neueroeffnung_store_startseite_bike_market.JPG

content_teaser_neueroeffnung_store_startseite_bike_market.JPG

747 ms

content_teaser_neueroeffnung_werkstatt_startseite_bike_market.JPG

content_teaser_neueroeffnung_werkstatt_startseite_bike_market.JPG

745 ms

IMG261655_103943_3.jpg

IMG261655_103943_3.jpg

742 ms

IMG261654_103942_3.jpg

IMG261654_103942_3.jpg

802 ms

id

id

26 ms

IMG218515_83639_1.jpg

IMG218515_83639_1.jpg

780 ms

Create

Create

228 ms

Create

Create

474 ms

IMG219742_83637_1_1.jpg

IMG219742_83637_1_1.jpg

781 ms

IMG237594_83624_1.jpg

IMG237594_83624_1.jpg

781 ms

IMG261621_103930_3.jpg

IMG261621_103930_3.jpg

783 ms

IMG219789_94009_1.jpg

IMG219789_94009_1.jpg

775 ms

IMG207194_69329_6.jpg

IMG207194_69329_6.jpg

654 ms

IMG183218_45840_1.jpg

IMG183218_45840_1.jpg

655 ms

IMG183217_45858_1.jpg

IMG183217_45858_1.jpg

658 ms

IMG230200_79820_1.jpg

IMG230200_79820_1.jpg

659 ms

IMG215707_71407_1.jpg

IMG215707_71407_1.jpg

662 ms

IMG202321_84761_1.jpg

IMG202321_84761_1.jpg

661 ms

IMG201078_73462_1.jpg

IMG201078_73462_1.jpg

777 ms

IMG224012_72650_1.jpg

IMG224012_72650_1.jpg

777 ms

content_teaser_comp_finanzierung_targobank_logo_multi_store_.jpg

content_teaser_comp_finanzierung_targobank_logo_multi_store_.jpg

541 ms

mastercard.png

mastercard.png

540 ms

visa.png

visa.png

540 ms

main.js

main.js

197 ms

leasing.png

leasing.png

538 ms

klarna_1_.png

klarna_1_.png

623 ms

giropay_100px.png

giropay_100px.png

623 ms

paypalc.png

paypalc.png

628 ms

logo_targobank_720x175_multi_store.png

logo_targobank_720x175_multi_store.png

628 ms

rechnung.png

rechnung.png

630 ms

vorkasse.png

vorkasse.png

628 ms

giropay_miniPad_quer_transparent_RGB_60px.png

giropay_miniPad_quer_transparent_RGB_60px.png

726 ms

klarna_wortmarke.png

klarna_wortmarke.png

727 ms

logo_targobank_720x175_multi_store.png

logo_targobank_720x175_multi_store.png

728 ms

de-pp-logo-150px.png

de-pp-logo-150px.png

543 ms

GenerateIT

GenerateIT

23 ms

GenerateIT

GenerateIT

25 ms

mc_symbol_opt_73_3x.png

mc_symbol_opt_73_3x.png

543 ms

Visa_Brandmark_Blue_RGB_2021.png

Visa_Brandmark_Blue_RGB_2021.png

543 ms

icon_social_media_facebook_50x50_multi_store.png

icon_social_media_facebook_50x50_multi_store.png

639 ms

icon_social_media_youtube_50x50_multi_store.png

icon_social_media_youtube_50x50_multi_store.png

639 ms

icon_social_media_instagram_50x50_multi_store.png

icon_social_media_instagram_50x50_multi_store.png

640 ms

icon_social_media_tiktok_50x50_multi_store.png

icon_social_media_tiktok_50x50_multi_store.png

640 ms

login.svg

login.svg

643 ms

kont-ico.svg

kont-ico.svg

644 ms

heart.svg

heart.svg

650 ms

basket.svg

basket.svg

651 ms

search.svg

search.svg

650 ms

header_fruehling_fruehjahrsknaller_marke_komprimiert_bike_market.jpg

header_fruehling_fruehjahrsknaller_marke_komprimiert_bike_market.jpg

651 ms

header_cube_fully_angebot_komprimiert_bike_market.jpg

header_cube_fully_angebot_komprimiert_bike_market.jpg

652 ms

header_standorte_sommer_2024_komprimiert_bike_market.jpg

header_standorte_sommer_2024_komprimiert_bike_market.jpg

651 ms

header_cube_marken_komprimiert_bike_market.jpg

header_cube_marken_komprimiert_bike_market.jpg

651 ms

header_finanzierung_30M_OD_bike_market.jpg

header_finanzierung_30M_OD_bike_market.jpg

651 ms

header_woom_bike_market.jpg

header_woom_bike_market.jpg

652 ms

header_bikeleasing_bike_market.jpg

header_bikeleasing_bike_market.jpg

654 ms

_content_teaser_startseite_background_blaue_kachel_300x300_bike_market.jpg

_content_teaser_startseite_background_blaue_kachel_300x300_bike_market.jpg

653 ms

_content_teaser_startseite_background_rote_kachel_300x300_bike_market.jpg

_content_teaser_startseite_background_rote_kachel_300x300_bike_market.jpg

652 ms

deal_simple.png

deal_simple.png

634 ms

print.min.css

print.min.css

109 ms

Accessibility Review

bike-mv.de accessibility score

75

Accessibility Issues

ARIA

These are opportunities to improve the usage of ARIA in your application which may enhance the experience for users of assistive technology, like a screen reader.

Impact

Issue

High

[aria-*] attributes do not match their roles

High

Elements with an ARIA [role] that require children to contain a specific [role] are missing some or all of those required children.

High

[role]s are not contained by their required parent element

Contrast

These are opportunities to improve the legibility of your content.

Impact

Issue

High

Background and foreground colors do not have a sufficient contrast ratio.

Navigation

These are opportunities to improve keyboard navigation in your application.

Impact

Issue

High

[id] attributes on active, focusable elements are not unique

Names and labels

These are opportunities to improve the semantics of the controls in your application. This may enhance the experience for users of assistive technology, like a screen reader.

Impact

Issue

High

<frame> or <iframe> elements do not have a title

High

Links do not have a discernible name

Tables and lists

These are opportunities to improve the experience of reading tabular or list data using assistive technology, like a screen reader.

Impact

Issue

High

List items (<li>) are not contained within <ul> or <ol> parent elements.

Best Practices

bike-mv.de best practices score

75

Areas of Improvement

Trust and Safety

Impact

Issue

High

Does not use HTTPS

Low

Ensure CSP is effective against XSS attacks

User Experience

Impact

Issue

High

Displays images with incorrect aspect ratio

General

Impact

Issue

Low

Detected JavaScript libraries

High

Browser errors were logged to the console

High

Missing source maps for large first-party JavaScript

SEO Factors

bike-mv.de SEO score

91

Search Engine Optimization Advices

Crawling and Indexing

To appear in search results, crawlers need access to your app.

Impact

Issue

High

Links are not crawlable

Mobile Friendly

Make sure your pages are mobile friendly so users don’t have to pinch or zoom in order to read the content pages. [Learn more](https://developers.google.com/search/mobile-sites/).

Impact

Issue

High

Document uses legible font sizes

High

Tap targets are not sized appropriately

Language and Encoding

  • Language Detected

    DE

  • Language Claimed

    DE

  • Encoding

    UTF-8

Language claimed in HTML meta tag should match the language actually used on the web page. Otherwise Bike-mv.de can be misinterpreted by Google and other search engines. Our service has detected that German is used on the page, and it matches the claimed language. Our system also found out that Bike-mv.de main page’s claimed encoding is utf-8. Use of this encoding format is the best practice as the main page visitors from all over the world won’t have any issues with symbol transcription.

Social Sharing Optimization

bike-mv.de

Open Graph description is not detected on the main page of BIKE Mv. Lack of Open Graph description can be counter-productive for their social media presence, as such a description allows converting a website homepage (or other pages) into good-looking, rich and well-structured posts, when it is being shared on Facebook and other social media. For example, adding the following code snippet into HTML <head> tag will help to represent this web page correctly in social networks: