Report Summary

  • 58

    Performance

    Renders faster than
    74% of other websites

  • 100

    Accessibility

    Visual factors better than
    that of 97% of websites

  • 75

    Best Practices

    More advanced features
    available than in
    36% of websites

  • 69

    SEO

    Google-friendlier than
    28% of websites

epapers.bham.ac.uk

Welcome to ePapers Repository - ePapers Repository

Page Load Speed

4.5 sec in total

First Response

544 ms

Resources Loaded

3.8 sec

Page Rendered

130 ms

epapers.bham.ac.uk screenshot

About Website

Visit epapers.bham.ac.uk now to see the best up-to-date EPapers Bham content for United Kingdom and also check out these interesting facts you probably never knew about epapers.bham.ac.uk

Visit epapers.bham.ac.uk

Key Findings

We analyzed Epapers.bham.ac.uk page load time and found that the first response time was 544 ms and then it took 4 sec to load all DOM resources and completely render a web page. This is a poor result, as 65% of websites can load faster.

Performance Metrics

epapers.bham.ac.uk performance score

58

Measured Metrics

name

value

score

weighting

FCP (First Contentful Paint)

Value4.3 s

17/100

10%

LCP (Largest Contentful Paint)

Value6.1 s

12/100

25%

SI (Speed Index)

Value6.7 s

36/100

10%

TBT (Total Blocking Time)

Value120 ms

97/100

30%

CLS (Cumulative Layout Shift)

Value0

100/100

15%

TTI (Time to Interactive)

Value6.7 s

56/100

10%

Network Requests Diagram

epapers.bham.ac.uk

544 ms

not_logged_in.js

167 ms

auto.js

981 ms

jscss.js

168 ms

epapers_load.js

200 ms

Our browser made a total of 19 requests to load all elements on the main page. We found that 89% of them (17 requests) were addressed to the original Epapers.bham.ac.uk, 11% (2 requests) were made to Epapersnew.bham.ac.uk. The less responsive or slowest element that took the longest time to load (1.9 sec) relates to the external source Epapersnew.bham.ac.uk.

Page Optimization Overview & Recommendations

Page size can be reduced by 326.6 kB (79%)

Content Size

411.6 kB

After Optimization

85.0 kB

In fact, the total size of Epapers.bham.ac.uk main page is 411.6 kB. This result falls beyond the top 1M of websites and identifies a large and not optimized web page that may take ages to load. Only 5% of websites need less resources to load. Javascripts take 361.3 kB which makes up the majority of the site volume.

HTML Optimization

-73%

Potential reduce by 6.5 kB

  • Original 8.8 kB
  • After minification 7.1 kB
  • After compression 2.3 kB

HTML content can be minified and compressed by a website’s server. The most efficient way is to compress content using GZIP which reduces data amount travelling through the network between server and browser. This page needs HTML code to be minified as it can gain 1.8 kB, which is 20% of the original size. It is highly recommended that content of this web page should be compressed using GZIP, as it can save up to 6.5 kB or 73% of the original size.

Image Optimization

-13%

Potential reduce by 1.9 kB

  • Original 14.3 kB
  • After minification 12.4 kB

Image size optimization can help to speed up a website loading time. The chart above shows the difference between the size before and after optimization. Obviously, EPapers Bham needs image optimization as it can save up to 1.9 kB or 13% of the original volume. The most popular and efficient tools for JPEG and PNG image optimization are Jpegoptim and PNG Crush.

JavaScript Optimization

-82%

Potential reduce by 295.2 kB

  • Original 361.3 kB
  • After minification 261.0 kB
  • After compression 66.1 kB

It’s better to minify JavaScript in order to improve website performance. The diagram shows the current total size of all JavaScript files against the prospective JavaScript size after its minification and compression. It is highly recommended that all JavaScript files should be compressed and minified as it can save up to 295.2 kB or 82% of the original size.

CSS Optimization

-85%

Potential reduce by 23.0 kB

  • Original 27.1 kB
  • After minification 18.6 kB
  • After compression 4.1 kB

CSS files minification is very important to reduce a web page rendering time. The faster CSS files can load, the earlier a page can be rendered. Epapers.bham.ac.uk needs all CSS files to be minified and compressed as it can save up to 23.0 kB or 85% of the original size.

Requests Breakdown

Number of requests can be reduced by 8 (47%)

Requests Now

17

After Optimization

9

The browser has sent 17 CSS, Javascripts, AJAX and image requests in order to completely render the main page of EPapers Bham. We recommend that multiple CSS and JavaScript files should be merged into one by each type, as it can help reduce assets requests from 4 to 1 for CSS and as a result speed up the page load time.

Accessibility Review

epapers.bham.ac.uk accessibility score

100

Accessibility Issues

Best Practices

epapers.bham.ac.uk best practices score

75

Areas of Improvement

Trust and Safety

Impact

Issue

High

Does not use HTTPS

Low

Ensure CSP is effective against XSS attacks

User Experience

Impact

Issue

High

Serves images with low resolution

General

Impact

Issue

Low

Detected JavaScript libraries

SEO Factors

epapers.bham.ac.uk SEO score

69

Search Engine Optimization Advices

Language and Encoding

  • Language Detected

    EN

  • Language Claimed

    N/A

  • Encoding

    UTF-8

Language claimed in HTML meta tag should match the language actually used on the web page. Otherwise Epapers.bham.ac.uk can be misinterpreted by Google and other search engines. Our service has detected that English is used on the page, and neither this language nor any other was claimed in <html> or <meta> tags. Our system also found out that Epapers.bham.ac.uk main page’s claimed encoding is utf-8. Use of this encoding format is the best practice as the main page visitors from all over the world won’t have any issues with symbol transcription.

Social Sharing Optimization

Open Graph description is not detected on the main page of EPapers Bham. Lack of Open Graph description can be counter-productive for their social media presence, as such a description allows converting a website homepage (or other pages) into good-looking, rich and well-structured posts, when it is being shared on Facebook and other social media. For example, adding the following code snippet into HTML <head> tag will help to represent this web page correctly in social networks: