Tools & Wizards About Us
core.ac.uk screenshot

Report Summary

  • 13

    Performance

    Renders faster than
    25% of other websites

  • 84

    Accessibility

    Visual factors better than
    that of 56% of websites

  • 83

    Best Practices

    More advanced features
    available than in
    55% of websites

  • 90

    SEO

    Google-friendlier than
    68% of websites

core.ac.uk

CORE – Aggregating the world’s open access research papers

Page Load Speed

3.2 sec in total

First Response

128 ms

Resources Loaded

2.4 sec

Page Rendered

585 ms

core.ac.uk screenshot

About Website

Click here to check amazing CORE content for Indonesia. Otherwise, check out these important facts you probably never knew about core.ac.uk

The world’s largest collection of open access research papers

Visit core.ac.uk

Key Findings

We analyzed Core.ac.uk page load time and found that the first response time was 128 ms and then it took 3 sec to load all DOM resources and completely render a web page. This is a poor result, as 55% of websites can load faster.

Performance Metrics

core.ac.uk performance score

13

Measured Metrics

name

value

score

weighting

FCP (First Contentful Paint)

Value4.3 s

17/100

10%

LCP (Largest Contentful Paint)

Value44.9 s

0/100

25%

SI (Speed Index)

Value6.1 s

44/100

10%

TBT (Total Blocking Time)

Value7,550 ms

0/100

30%

CLS (Cumulative Layout Shift)

Value0.281

43/100

15%

TTI (Time to Interactive)

Value26.0 s

0/100

10%

Network Requests Diagram

core.ac.uk

128 ms

core.ac.uk

409 ms

9c2faca1b4ac1f89a397.css

20 ms

d1bc6b13e2cde38f9ff9.css

24 ms

85ffa2540d2f83109449.css

17 ms

Our browser made a total of 72 requests to load all elements on the main page. We found that 89% of them (64 requests) were addressed to the original Core.ac.uk, 8% (6 requests) were made to Fonts.gstatic.com and 1% (1 request) were made to Fonts.googleapis.com. The less responsive or slowest element that took the longest time to load (1.5 sec) belongs to the original domain Core.ac.uk.

Page Optimization Overview & Recommendations

Page size can be reduced by 92.3 kB (21%)

Content Size

440.6 kB

After Optimization

348.4 kB

  • HTML
  • Images

In fact, the total size of Core.ac.uk main page is 440.6 kB. This result falls beyond the top 1M of websites and identifies a large and not optimized web page that may take ages to load. Only a small number of websites need less resources to load. Images take 361.6 kB which makes up the majority of the site volume.

HTML Optimization

-76%

Potential reduce by 60.4 kB

  • Original 79.0 kB
  • After minification 78.9 kB
  • After compression 18.6 kB

HTML content can be minified and compressed by a website’s server. The most efficient way is to compress content using GZIP which reduces data amount travelling through the network between server and browser. HTML code on this page is well minified. It is highly recommended that content of this web page should be compressed using GZIP, as it can save up to 60.4 kB or 76% of the original size.

Image Optimization

-9%

Potential reduce by 31.9 kB

  • Original 361.6 kB
  • After minification 329.8 kB

Image size optimization can help to speed up a website loading time. The chart above shows the difference between the size before and after optimization. CORE images are well optimized though.

Requests Breakdown

Number of requests can be reduced by 23 (36%)

Requests Now

64

After Optimization

41

  • Images
  • JavaScript
  • CSS

The browser has sent 64 CSS, Javascripts, AJAX and image requests in order to completely render the main page of CORE. We recommend that multiple CSS and JavaScript files should be merged into one by each type, as it can help reduce assets requests from 20 to 1 for JavaScripts and from 5 to 1 for CSS and as a result speed up the page load time.

Network Requests Diagram

core.ac.uk

core.ac.uk

128 ms

core.ac.uk

core.ac.uk

409 ms

9c2faca1b4ac1f89a397.css

9c2faca1b4ac1f89a397.css

20 ms

d1bc6b13e2cde38f9ff9.css

d1bc6b13e2cde38f9ff9.css

24 ms

85ffa2540d2f83109449.css

85ffa2540d2f83109449.css

17 ms

e910be9769c9da8415d7.css

e910be9769c9da8415d7.css

22 ms

css

css

32 ms

database.svg

database.svg

279 ms

community.svg

community.svg

343 ms

homeServices.svg

homeServices.svg

329 ms

globe.svg

globe.svg

270 ms

gears.svg

gears.svg

267 ms

building.svg

building.svg

421 ms

neural.svg

neural.svg

545 ms

posi-7077ad96cde68258c6d398773c2cd102.svg

posi-7077ad96cde68258c6d398773c2cd102.svg

537 ms

KFOmCnqEu92Fr1Mu4mxPKTU1Kg.ttf

KFOmCnqEu92Fr1Mu4mxPKTU1Kg.ttf

36 ms

KFOlCnqEu92Fr1MmSU5fBBc9AMP6lQ.ttf

KFOlCnqEu92Fr1MmSU5fBBc9AMP6lQ.ttf

49 ms

KFOlCnqEu92Fr1MmWUlfBBc9AMP6lQ.ttf

KFOlCnqEu92Fr1MmWUlfBBc9AMP6lQ.ttf

50 ms

polyfills-48c9779831b86ca1584a.js

polyfills-48c9779831b86ca1584a.js

630 ms

webpack-6b368952efa9e41ab8d1.js

webpack-6b368952efa9e41ab8d1.js

403 ms

framework.898ed9c4190ec62ba669.js

framework.898ed9c4190ec62ba669.js

405 ms

commons.d7ddf4d2b1bef08d6a43.js

commons.d7ddf4d2b1bef08d6a43.js

404 ms

main-b7df5304ee374402e059.js

main-b7df5304ee374402e059.js

405 ms

b5f2ed29.441239f4fc365a69741a.js

b5f2ed29.441239f4fc365a69741a.js

406 ms

e82996df.86a4b1a61816698443e2.js

e82996df.86a4b1a61816698443e2.js

407 ms

e123cc9a915d464f25c3a1ad4bef65b0346274d4.1fb3effd090b2cf229c2.js

e123cc9a915d464f25c3a1ad4bef65b0346274d4.1fb3effd090b2cf229c2.js

408 ms

f015f7548453644a0f506f43332d5631f4b2be71.fbe1fed265d74b60858b.js

f015f7548453644a0f506f43332d5631f4b2be71.fbe1fed265d74b60858b.js

407 ms

aa49bba4ade0b43da950ed91bfedf5d75bdf5088.a1db0dcf1f61b484c7e8.js

aa49bba4ade0b43da950ed91bfedf5d75bdf5088.a1db0dcf1f61b484c7e8.js

407 ms

aa49bba4ade0b43da950ed91bfedf5d75bdf5088_CSS.ddce25b62cf34b951439.js

aa49bba4ade0b43da950ed91bfedf5d75bdf5088_CSS.ddce25b62cf34b951439.js

409 ms

88941b492ac9740506eefed5aee5c711061c8dc8.ae093e90d5f38d3f1f45.js

88941b492ac9740506eefed5aee5c711061c8dc8.ae093e90d5f38d3f1f45.js

411 ms

2b1ce4494ef86e25ac6935f103a992cb8279131f.d9558af2faaffeeb09b3.js

2b1ce4494ef86e25ac6935f103a992cb8279131f.d9558af2faaffeeb09b3.js

411 ms

_app-9e398c8279da43429773.js

_app-9e398c8279da43429773.js

422 ms

87599ed0f6d6993debe6eabc808b0761f5570441.60d8cc8cc4bd99281c99.js

87599ed0f6d6993debe6eabc808b0761f5570441.60d8cc8cc4bd99281c99.js

435 ms

87599ed0f6d6993debe6eabc808b0761f5570441_CSS.34e373399cdc573d23ed.js

87599ed0f6d6993debe6eabc808b0761f5570441_CSS.34e373399cdc573d23ed.js

411 ms

index-76edcbece27daf398f64.js

index-76edcbece27daf398f64.js

413 ms

_buildManifest.js

_buildManifest.js

414 ms

_ssgManifest.js

_ssgManifest.js

422 ms

vcd15cbe7772f49c399c6a5babf22c1241717689176015

vcd15cbe7772f49c399c6a5babf22c1241717689176015

57 ms

data-provider.svg

data-provider.svg

781 ms

membership.svg

membership.svg

785 ms

server.svg

server.svg

793 ms

oai.svg

oai.svg

806 ms

line.424b4032ca9d90aee4b9193ce1006200.svg

line.424b4032ca9d90aee4b9193ce1006200.svg

525 ms

turnitin.png

turnitin.png

807 ms

open-university.png

open-university.png

913 ms

mooc-founder.png

mooc-founder.png

927 ms

research-england.png

research-england.png

928 ms

KFOkCnqEu92Fr1Mu51xIIzcXKMny.ttf

KFOkCnqEu92Fr1Mu51xIIzcXKMny.ttf

3 ms

KFOjCnqEu92Fr1Mu51TjASc6CsHYl4BO.ttf

KFOjCnqEu92Fr1Mu51TjASc6CsHYl4BO.ttf

15 ms

KFOjCnqEu92Fr1Mu51TzBic6CsHYl4BO.ttf

KFOjCnqEu92Fr1Mu51TzBic6CsHYl4BO.ttf

16 ms

server-status.svg

server-status.svg

704 ms

search-engine.svg

search-engine.svg

811 ms

time-management.svg

time-management.svg

767 ms

Gareth_Malcolm.jpeg

Gareth_Malcolm.jpeg

788 ms

account.93a73dbe5761da80435ee3e87b5575ab.svg

account.93a73dbe5761da80435ee3e87b5575ab.svg

544 ms

nvidia.svg

nvidia.svg

807 ms

anthropic.svg

anthropic.svg

813 ms

grammarly.svg

grammarly.svg

839 ms

lean.svg

lean.svg

925 ms

naver.svg

naver.svg

958 ms

kathleen.svg

kathleen.svg

1063 ms

cambridge.svg

cambridge.svg

1084 ms

oxford.svg

oxford.svg

1090 ms

chica.svg

chica.svg

1101 ms

stAndrews.svg

stAndrews.svg

1191 ms

imperial.svg

imperial.svg

1220 ms

johnson.jpg

johnson.jpg

1328 ms

coar.svg

coar.svg

1333 ms

sparc.png

sparc.png

1343 ms

researchInovation.svg

researchInovation.svg

1367 ms

losAlamos.svg

losAlamos.svg

1447 ms

jisc.svg

jisc.svg

1481 ms

Accessibility Review

core.ac.uk accessibility score

84

Accessibility Issues

ARIA

These are opportunities to improve the usage of ARIA in your application which may enhance the experience for users of assistive technology, like a screen reader.

Impact

Issue

High

[aria-hidden="true"] elements contain focusable descendents

High

ARIA IDs are not unique

Contrast

These are opportunities to improve the legibility of your content.

Impact

Issue

High

Background and foreground colors do not have a sufficient contrast ratio.

Navigation

These are opportunities to improve keyboard navigation in your application.

Impact

Issue

High

Heading elements are not in a sequentially-descending order

Tables and lists

These are opportunities to improve the experience of reading tabular or list data using assistive technology, like a screen reader.

Impact

Issue

High

Lists do not contain only <li> elements and script supporting elements (<script> and <template>).

Best Practices

core.ac.uk best practices score

83

Areas of Improvement

Trust and Safety

Impact

Issue

High

Does not use HTTPS

High

Includes front-end JavaScript libraries with known security vulnerabilities

Low

Ensure CSP is effective against XSS attacks

General

Impact

Issue

Low

Detected JavaScript libraries

High

Missing source maps for large first-party JavaScript

SEO Factors

core.ac.uk SEO score

90

Search Engine Optimization Advices

Content Best Practices

Format your HTML in a way that enables crawlers to better understand your app’s content.

Impact

Issue

High

Links do not have descriptive text

Mobile Friendly

Make sure your pages are mobile friendly so users don’t have to pinch or zoom in order to read the content pages. [Learn more](https://developers.google.com/search/mobile-sites/).

Impact

Issue

High

Document uses legible font sizes

High

Tap targets are not sized appropriately

Language and Encoding

  • Language Detected

    EN

  • Language Claimed

    EN

  • Encoding

    UTF-8

Language claimed in HTML meta tag should match the language actually used on the web page. Otherwise Core.ac.uk can be misinterpreted by Google and other search engines. Our service has detected that English is used on the page, and it matches the claimed language. Our system also found out that Core.ac.uk main page’s claimed encoding is utf-8. Use of this encoding format is the best practice as the main page visitors from all over the world won’t have any issues with symbol transcription.

Social Sharing Optimization

core.ac.uk

Open Graph description is not detected on the main page of CORE. Lack of Open Graph description can be counter-productive for their social media presence, as such a description allows converting a website homepage (or other pages) into good-looking, rich and well-structured posts, when it is being shared on Facebook and other social media. For example, adding the following code snippet into HTML <head> tag will help to represent this web page correctly in social networks: