Report Summary

  • 15

    Performance

    Renders faster than
    27% of other websites

  • 88

    Accessibility

    Visual factors better than
    that of 69% of websites

  • 0

    Best Practices

  • 92

    SEO

    Google-friendlier than
    75% of websites

Page Load Speed

3.3 sec in total

First Response

693 ms

Resources Loaded

2.2 sec

Page Rendered

422 ms

arbitration.oxfordjournals.org screenshot

About Website

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Key Findings

We analyzed Arbitration.oxfordjournals.org page load time and found that the first response time was 693 ms and then it took 2.6 sec to load all DOM resources and completely render a web page. This is quite a good result, as only 45% of websites can load faster.

Performance Metrics

arbitration.oxfordjournals.org performance score

15

Measured Metrics

name

value

score

weighting

FCP (First Contentful Paint)

Value1.4 s

97/100

10%

LCP (Largest Contentful Paint)

Value11.6 s

0/100

25%

SI (Speed Index)

Value7.0 s

32/100

10%

TBT (Total Blocking Time)

Value6,610 ms

0/100

30%

CLS (Cumulative Layout Shift)

Value0.498

16/100

15%

TTI (Time to Interactive)

Value22.4 s

1/100

10%

Network Requests Diagram

arbitration.oxfordjournals.org

693 ms

css_FccOntVfMWu6_46IgQCOD6KDX8x2nI-WqMrKjRzJxYs.css

107 ms

css_R0BrLSce9kN2Q6PHMi7tWS-i5Bz7Wh1u13ae3EHdkCc.css

115 ms

css_LAv6GPvJS7_BmayT4gPMuTWYfNk-lba7-YZlLHNHmL8.css

110 ms

css_Fxh4dlJQHxFhHqaoFqX1buyygCrnOhogksXC4qbq3GI.css

133 ms

Our browser made a total of 88 requests to load all elements on the main page. We found that 3% of them (3 requests) were addressed to the original Arbitration.oxfordjournals.org, 63% (55 requests) were made to Dvssz85hjmci.cloudfront.net and 6% (5 requests) were made to W.soundcloud.com. The less responsive or slowest element that took the longest time to load (747 ms) relates to the external source Dvssz85hjmci.cloudfront.net.

Page Optimization Overview & Recommendations

Page size can be reduced by 1.3 MB (70%)

Content Size

1.8 MB

After Optimization

555.3 kB

In fact, the total size of Arbitration.oxfordjournals.org main page is 1.8 MB. This result falls beyond the top 1M of websites and identifies a large and not optimized web page that may take ages to load. 65% of websites need less resources to load. CSS take 915.8 kB which makes up the majority of the site volume.

HTML Optimization

-80%

Potential reduce by 75.2 kB

  • Original 93.9 kB
  • After minification 90.7 kB
  • After compression 18.6 kB

HTML content can be minified and compressed by a website’s server. The most efficient way is to compress content using GZIP which reduces data amount travelling through the network between server and browser. HTML code on this page is well minified. It is highly recommended that content of this web page should be compressed using GZIP, as it can save up to 75.2 kB or 80% of the original size.

Image Optimization

-14%

Potential reduce by 2.9 kB

  • Original 20.9 kB
  • After minification 18.0 kB

Image size optimization can help to speed up a website loading time. The chart above shows the difference between the size before and after optimization. Obviously, Arbitration Oxfordjournals needs image optimization as it can save up to 2.9 kB or 14% of the original volume. The most popular and efficient tools for JPEG and PNG image optimization are Jpegoptim and PNG Crush.

JavaScript Optimization

-73%

Potential reduce by 597.8 kB

  • Original 817.5 kB
  • After minification 734.1 kB
  • After compression 219.7 kB

It’s better to minify JavaScript in order to improve website performance. The diagram shows the current total size of all JavaScript files against the prospective JavaScript size after its minification and compression. It is highly recommended that all JavaScript files should be compressed and minified as it can save up to 597.8 kB or 73% of the original size.

CSS Optimization

-67%

Potential reduce by 616.9 kB

  • Original 915.8 kB
  • After minification 908.0 kB
  • After compression 298.9 kB

CSS files minification is very important to reduce a web page rendering time. The faster CSS files can load, the earlier a page can be rendered. Arbitration.oxfordjournals.org needs all CSS files to be minified and compressed as it can save up to 616.9 kB or 67% of the original size.

Requests Breakdown

Number of requests can be reduced by 51 (59%)

Requests Now

87

After Optimization

36

The browser has sent 87 CSS, Javascripts, AJAX and image requests in order to completely render the main page of Arbitration Oxfordjournals. We recommend that multiple CSS and JavaScript files should be merged into one by each type, as it can help reduce assets requests from 28 to 1 for JavaScripts and from 14 to 1 for CSS and as a result speed up the page load time.

Accessibility Review

arbitration.oxfordjournals.org accessibility score

88

Accessibility Issues

Names and labels

These are opportunities to improve the semantics of the controls in your application. This may enhance the experience for users of assistive technology, like a screen reader.

Impact

Issue

High

<frame> or <iframe> elements do not have a title

Navigation

These are opportunities to improve keyboard navigation in your application.

Impact

Issue

High

Heading elements are not in a sequentially-descending order

Best practices

These items highlight common accessibility best practices.

Impact

Issue

High

[user-scalable="no"] is used in the <meta name="viewport"> element or the [maximum-scale] attribute is less than 5.

SEO Factors

arbitration.oxfordjournals.org SEO score

92

Search Engine Optimization Advices

Crawling and Indexing

To appear in search results, crawlers need access to your app.

Impact

Issue

High

Links are not crawlable

Mobile Friendly

Make sure your pages are mobile friendly so users don’t have to pinch or zoom in order to read the content pages. [Learn more](https://developers.google.com/search/mobile-sites/).

Impact

Issue

High

Document uses legible font sizes

High

Tap targets are not sized appropriately

Language and Encoding

  • Language Detected

    N/A

  • Language Claimed

    EN

  • Encoding

    UTF-8

Language claimed in HTML meta tag should match the language actually used on the web page. Otherwise Arbitration.oxfordjournals.org can be misinterpreted by Google and other search engines. Unfortunately we cannot identify language used on the page (probably there is a mix of languages, too little text or something else), while the claimed language is English. Our system also found out that Arbitration.oxfordjournals.org main page’s claimed encoding is utf-8. Use of this encoding format is the best practice as the main page visitors from all over the world won’t have any issues with symbol transcription.

Social Sharing Optimization

Open Graph description is not detected on the main page of Arbitration Oxfordjournals. Lack of Open Graph description can be counter-productive for their social media presence, as such a description allows converting a website homepage (or other pages) into good-looking, rich and well-structured posts, when it is being shared on Facebook and other social media. For example, adding the following code snippet into HTML <head> tag will help to represent this web page correctly in social networks: